CARDIOLOGIE: VOCABULAIRE
PDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosus)
PDA is a congenital condition characterized by the post-natal
persistence of a lumen in the ductus arteriosus between the aorta and
the pulmonary artery. PDA is often manifested by a continuous murmur.
Stenosis
Stenosis describes the situation in which a heart valve fails to open
properly or the chamber or vessel is abnormally narrow and the normal
flow of blood is impeded.
Thrill
Thrill is a vibration caused by turbulent fluid movement through an
incompetent valve which is palpable on the thoracic wall. Thrill is
typically observed with grade 5 or 6 murmurs.
Regurgitation
Regurgitation results with valvular insufficiency and is characterized
by blood flow against its normal course. In canines mitral valve
regurgitation is the most common regurgitant-type murmur that will be
encountered.
VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect)
VSD is a congenital condition characterized by the persistent patency
of the ventricular septum post-natally thus allowing blood to flow
directly between the ventricles. Since the blood can bypass the
pulmonary circulation cyanosis may be present in addition to a grade
5/6 systolic murmur.
Murmurs
Murmurs are sounds produced by turbulent blood flow. Rapid flow, a wide
vessel, low blood viscosity and an uneven or constricted vessel wall
all predispose to cardiac murmurs.
Apex beat
The apex beat is an impact vibration produced at the start of ventricular contraction as the heart hits the chest wall.
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